Difference Between Lok Sabha And Rajya Sabha With Example ?
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| Difference Between Lok Sabha And Rajya Sabha |
The Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha are both houses of the Parliament of India, but they have different roles, compositions, and functions:
1. Composition:
Lok Sabha: The Lok Sabha, also known as the House of the People, is the lower house of Parliament. Its members are directly elected by the eligible voters of India.
Rajya Sabha: The Rajya Sabha, also known as the Council of States, is the upper house of Parliament. Its members are elected by the elected members of the State Legislative Assemblies and by the Electoral College for Union Territories.
2. Representation:
Lok Sabha: Members of the Lok Sabha represent the people of India and its states and union territories.
Rajya Sabha: Members of the Rajya Sabha represent the states and union territories of India.
3. Term of Office:
Lok Sabha: The term of a member of the Lok Sabha is five years unless dissolved earlier.
Rajya Sabha: The term of a member of the Rajya Sabha is six years, with one-third of its members retiring every two years.
4. Powers:
Lok Sabha: The Lok Sabha is more powerful in the legislative process compared to the Rajya Sabha. Money bills can only be introduced in the Lok Sabha, and in case of a disagreement between the two houses, the Lok Sabha's decision prevails.
Rajya Sabha: The Rajya Sabha acts as a revising chamber. It can suggest amendments to non-money bills initiated in the Lok Sabha. It also reviews and provides inputs on issues of national importance.
5. Representation of States:
Lok Sabha: The representation of states in the Lok Sabha is based on population, with more populous states having more seats.
Rajya Sabha: In the Rajya Sabha, each state is represented equally, with members chosen to represent the state as a whole.
6. Role in Government Formation:
Lok Sabha: The party or coalition with a majority in the Lok Sabha forms the government, and the leader of the majority party becomes the Prime Minister.
Rajya Sabha: Members of the Rajya Sabha do not directly participate in the formation of the government. However, they play an important role in legislative processes and debates.
Overall, while both houses have their distinct roles and powers, they work together to enact laws and ensure the functioning of Indian democracy.
Here are some more details about the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha:
7. Membership Eligibility:
Lok Sabha: To be eligible for membership in the Lok Sabha, a person must be a citizen of India, at least 25 years old, and eligible to vote.
Rajya Sabha: To be eligible for membership in the Rajya Sabha, a person must be a citizen of India, at least 30 years old, and possess other qualifications as prescribed by Parliament.
8. Speaker and Chairman:
Lok Sabha: The Lok Sabha elects its Speaker and Deputy Speaker from among its members. The Speaker presides over the sittings of the House.
Rajya Sabha: The Vice President of India serves as the ex-officio Chairman of the Rajya Sabha. In the absence of the Vice President, the Deputy Chairman, elected by the members, presides over the sittings.
9. Sessions and Quorum:
Lok Sabha: The Lok Sabha meets in sessions, and the minimum number of members required to be present to constitute a meeting is one-tenth of the total membership of the House, including the presiding officer.
Rajya Sabha: Similar to the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha also meets in sessions, and the quorum for a meeting is one-tenth of the total membership of the House, including the presiding officer.
10. Representation of Anglo-Indian Community:
Lok Sabha: Until 2020, the President of India could nominate two members from the Anglo-Indian community to the Lok Sabha if it was felt that the community was not adequately represented. However, this provision was abolished with the 104th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019.
Rajya Sabha: There is no provision for the representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Rajya Sabha.
11. Initiation of Impeachment Proceedings:
Lok Sabha: Impeachment proceedings against the President of India can be initiated in the Lok Sabha.
Rajya Sabha: Impeachment proceedings against the Vice President of India can be initiated in the Rajya Sabha.
These additional details provide a more comprehensive understanding of the functions, powers, and structures of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha within the Indian parliamentary system.
Let's take a hypothetical example to illustrate the roles of the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha:
Suppose the Indian government proposes a new tax reform bill aimed at restructuring the income tax system to boost revenue collection and promote economic growth.
1. Lok Sabha:
The bill is introduced in the Lok Sabha by a member of the ruling party or the government.
Members of the Lok Sabha, representing various constituencies across India, debate the bill extensively during parliamentary sessions.
The Lok Sabha scrutinizes the bill, proposes amendments if necessary, and finally votes on whether to pass it.
Since the Lok Sabha represents the people directly, its decision carries significant weight in the legislative process.
If a majority of members in the Lok Sabha vote in favor of the bill, it is passed and sent to the Rajya Sabha for further consideration.
2. Rajya Sabha:
Upon receiving the tax reform bill from the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha reviews it thoroughly.
Members of the Rajya Sabha, representing the states and union territories, analyze the bill's potential impact on different regions of the country.
The Rajya Sabha may suggest amendments to the bill based on its deliberations and discussions.
Unlike the Lok Sabha, the Rajya Sabha cannot introduce or amend money bills, but it plays a crucial role in providing diverse perspectives and revising non-money bills.
After discussing and possibly amending the bill, the Rajya Sabha votes on whether to pass it.
If the Rajya Sabha approves the bill without amendments, it is sent to the President of India for assent. If amendments are proposed, the bill returns to the Lok Sabha for further deliberation and reconciliation.
In this example, both the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha play essential roles in the legislative process. While the Lok Sabha represents the people and initiates money bills like the tax reform bill, the Rajya Sabha provides a forum for regional representation and revises non-money bills, ensuring a comprehensive and balanced approach to lawmaking in India.
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